Florida State Paramedic Practice Exam

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At the onset of labor, which hormone significantly increases uterine contractions?

Progesterone
Cortisol
Oxytocin
Estrogen

The correct answer is: Oxytocin

The increase in uterine contractions at the onset of labor is primarily associated with the hormone oxytocin. This hormone plays a critical role in facilitating the contractions of the uterus. As labor begins, oxytocin is released from the posterior pituitary gland, promoting rhythmic contractions of the uterine muscles, which help to push the baby through the birth canal. While other hormones like estrogen do play a role in preparing the body for labor and can help stimulate the uterus, it is oxytocin that has the most direct and immediate effect on enhancing the frequency and intensity of contractions once labor starts. Progesterone's role during pregnancy primarily involves maintaining the pregnancy and inhibiting contractions, while cortisol is more associated with stress response rather than initiating labor. Therefore, oxytocin is the key hormone that drives the process of labor by increasing uterine contractions effectively.