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How is frequency defined in the context of waves?

  1. The speed of a wave

  2. The distance a wave travels

  3. How frequently a wave recurs in a given time

  4. The amplitude of a wave

The correct answer is: How frequently a wave recurs in a given time

Frequency in the context of waves refers to how frequently a wave recurs in a given time period, typically measured in hertz (Hz), which indicates the number of cycles per second. This means that if a wave has a high frequency, it completes more cycles in a second, while a low frequency indicates fewer cycles. Understanding frequency is crucial in various fields, including physics and medicine, as it affects characteristics of waves such as pitch in sound and color in light. The other options focus on different properties of waves: the speed of a wave pertains to how fast the wave travels through a medium; the distance a wave travels is often related to the wavelength or the spatial extent of the wave; and amplitude refers to the height of the wave, which is related to the energy it carries but does not indicate how often the wave occurs over time. Each of these aspects is important in their own right, but they do not define frequency itself.