Florida State Paramedic Practice Exam

What is one symptom of respiratory alkalosis?

1. Decreased pH

2. Increased PCO2

3. Increased respiratory rate

4. Shallow breathing

The correct answer is: Increased respiratory rate

In respiratory alkalosis, one of the hallmark characteristics is an increased respiratory rate, which leads to the excessive exhalation of carbon dioxide (CO2). This results in a decrease in the partial pressure of CO2 in the blood, causing the pH to rise, which defines alkalosis. As the body attempts to compensate for factors that produce hyperventilation, individuals may exhibit symptoms such as lightheadedness, tingling in the extremities, and increased respiratory rates. An elevated rate of breathing can often be linked to stress, anxiety, or certain medical conditions. The other options highlight effects opposite to the state of respiratory alkalosis: a decreased pH and increased CO2 levels would indicate acidosis rather than alkalosis, while shallow breathing would typically reduce the rate of ventilation and increase CO2 retention, which also contradicts the scenario of respiratory alkalosis. Therefore, the increased respiratory rate directly contributes to the condition and is symptomatic of the underlying physiological changes.