Florida State Paramedic Practice Exam

What is the primary concern when managing a patient who may develop increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?

1. Fluid overload

2. Hypotension

3. Hypoxia

4. Bradycardia

The correct answer is: Fluid overload

When managing a patient at risk of increased intracranial pressure (ICP), the primary concern is ensuring adequate cerebral perfusion and preventing conditions that may exacerbate ICP. Increased ICP can lead to severe complications, including brain herniation, if not managed effectively. Fluid overload is a crucial concern because administering excessive fluids can elevate blood volume, which may further increase ICP due to the limited space available within the cranial cavity. This is particularly pertinent in patients with head injuries or neurological conditions where swelling or bleeding can already place pressure on brain structures. By managing fluid levels carefully, healthcare providers can help mitigate the risk of exacerbating intracranial pressure. Ensuring adequate oxygenation and preventing hypoxia is also fundamental in this context, as decreased oxygen levels can lead to further brain injury. However, fluid management takes precedence as it directly relates to the intracranial environment and overall patient stability. Additionally, while bradycardia and hypotension can occur due to increased ICP, they are often secondary concerns linked to the overall management of ICP rather than immediate challenges posed by fluid overload. Therefore, understanding the implications of fluid management is essential in optimizing outcomes for patients at risk of increased ICP.