Florida State Paramedic Practice Exam

What is the recommended fluid replacement for an adult trauma patient?

1. 10 ml/kg

2. 20 ml/kg

3. 30 ml/kg

4. 50 ml/kg

The correct answer is: 20 ml/kg

The recommended fluid replacement for an adult trauma patient typically emphasizes the need for rapid stabilization of circulation and tissue perfusion. In the context of trauma, the most widely accepted guideline suggests administering a bolus of 20 ml/kg of isotonic crystalloid fluids, such as normal saline or lactated Ringer's solution, for initial resuscitation. This volume is aimed at expanding intravascular volume to counteract the effects of hemorrhagic shock and to restore adequate perfusion to vital organs. The rationale for this specific volume is based on clinical studies that demonstrate that 20 ml/kg can effectively improve hemodynamics in trauma patients without leading to excessive fluid overload, which can be detrimental in scenarios of head injury or pre-existing heart conditions. While higher fluid replacement volumes, such as 30 ml/kg or more, may be appropriate in certain severe cases or specific medical protocols, they can increase the risk of complications, including pulmonary edema or abdominal compartment syndrome. Thus, 20 ml/kg is the standard initial recommendation, striking a balance between sufficient fluid resuscitation and the potential risks associated with over-resuscitation.