Florida State Paramedic Practice Exam

Which of the following is a common physiological change during pregnancy?

1. Increased blood pressure

2. Decreased heart rate

3. Increased cardiac output

4. Reduced stroke volume

The correct answer is: Increased cardiac output

During pregnancy, the body undergoes numerous physiological changes to support the growing fetus, one of which is an increase in cardiac output. This increase is crucial as it ensures that there is an adequate supply of oxygen and nutrients to both the mother and the developing baby. Cardiac output is defined as the amount of blood the heart pumps per minute, and it is determined by both heart rate and stroke volume. During pregnancy, the heart rate typically increases to meet the additional metabolic demands placed on the body. Additionally, the stroke volume may also rise due to increased blood volume and improved venous return, which are adaptations to ensure sufficient circulation. This increased cardiac output helps accommodate the growing vascular demands and is a normal physiological adjustment that facilitates the changes occurring during pregnancy. Understanding these changes is essential for recognizing how a pregnant patient's physiology differs from that of a non-pregnant individual, influencing assessment and treatment decisions in emergency situations.